Sez «Qyzyljar» As a Platform for Human Capital and Educational Development in the Border Region of Kazakhstan

Abstract

This article examines the role of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) as instruments of state regional and educational policy, using the example of the “Qyzyljar” SEZ located in the border region of Northern Kazakhstan.The study aims to identify the potential, constraints, and development prospects of the zone under conditions of cross-border interaction and demographic challenges. Special attention is given to how SEZs can contribute to human capital development through education, vocational training, and collaboration with universities. Based on a multi-criteria comparative analysis of other Kazakhstani SEZs and the application of an integrated efficiency index, the competitiveness of the “Qyzyljar” SEZ was assessed across key parameters: investment attractiveness, sectoral diversification, export orientation, infrastructure quality, and workforce education. A SWOT analysis was conducted to provide a comprehensive assessment of internal and external factors influencing the development of the “Qyzyljar” SEZ, supplemented by policy, socio-economic, and educational evaluation methods. The research highlights the need to improve the institutional and educational environment, modernize infrastructure, enhance human capital through targeted training programs, and strengthen cross-border cooperation. Practical recommendations are proposed for optimizing state policy in regional, social, and educational development. The scientific novelty lies in formalizing an approach to evaluating SEZ efficiency that integrates economic, social, and educational dimensions, positioning the “Qyzyljar” SEZ as a pilot model for cross-border and knowledge-based growth.

Received: 26 August 2025 / Accepted: 19 October 2025 / Published: 05 November 2025