Adaptation of the Family Involvement Scale to the Kosovar Culture – Validity and Reliability Study

Abstract

This study was conducted using quantitative research methods with a descriptive survey design, aiming to objectively analyze the relationships between specific variables through statistical data. The research sample included 546 participants, selected using stratified random sampling to ensure representation from diverse linguistic and socio-demographic backgrounds in Prizren, Kosovo, where students attend multilingual schools.The study focused on adapting the Family Involvement Scale to the Kosovar context. Validity and reliability analyses confirmed a four-factor structure: School-Based Active Participation, Teacher-Family Communication, Home-Based Learning Support, and Home Organization & Academic Monitoring. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed good model fit, and reliability coefficients were high for three subscales, while one showed acceptable consistency.Latent Profile Analysis revealed five distinct family involvement profiles, with older, male, and Albanian-speaking participants showing the lowest engagement. These findings highlight the impact of cultural and linguistic factors on family involvement and emphasize the need for inclusive, culturally responsive school-family collaboration strategies.

Received: 18 June 2025 / Accepted: 17 October 2025 / Published: 05 November 2025